Falsafa Urooj-o-Zawal-e-Aqwam BY Abdus Salam Nadwi

Falsafa Urooj-o-Zawal-e-Aqwam (Philosophy of the Rise and Fall of Nations).

This book is an Urdu translation of the classic work The Psychology of Peoples (or The Laws of the Evolution of Civilizations) by the renowned French polymath Dr. Gustave Le Bon. Translated into Urdu by Abdus Salam Nadwi, the text explores the fundamental psychological factors that govern the destiny of nations. Le Bon posits that the history of a people is determined not by external events alone, but by their “national character”—a stable set of psychological traits shared by a race.

The work examines how civilizations rise through the development of a shared soul and subsequently fall when that psychological unity dissolves. By analyzing the role of traditions, beliefs, and emotions, the book offers a deep philosophical inquiry into why some societies flourish while others crumble. It remains a vital read for those interested in sociology, history, and the collective behavior of human societies.